Is personalisation a way to operationalise long-term working memory?

نویسندگان

  • Alessandro Guida
  • Hubert Tardieu
چکیده

Ericsson et Kintsch (1995) ont proposé que les experts pouvaient circonscrire les limitesde la mémoire de travail en utilisant la mémoire de travail à long terme, cette dernièrepermettant une plus grande capacité de stockage. Pour tester ces caractéristiques, deux groupesont été contrastés sur l’expertise en compréhension de texte. La méthode employée lapersonnalisation consiste à introduire des éléments biographiques dans un texte, permettantau lecteur d’être en situation d’expertise. Ainsi un groupe personnalisé lisant un texte avec deslieux familiers a été comparé à un groupe non-personnalisé lisant un texte contenant des lieuxnon-familiers. Dans chaque lieu, se trouvaient un ou deux objets, les sujets devaient rappelerces objets, avec pour indice les lieux. La sensibilité au délai et à la charge en mémoire étaienttestées. Comme attendu, le groupe personnalisé a rappelé plus d’objets et n’a pas montré desensibilité au délai et à la charge en mémoire.Ericsson and Kintsch (1995) have proposed that in situations of expertise, individuals canovercome working memory limitations by using long-term working memory. It allowsa greater and longer storage capacity than working memory and a better resistance tointerference. To test these characteristics two groups were contrasted among expertise intext comprehension. The method employed was personalisation; it consisted of introducingbiographical elements in texts, allowing the reader to be in an expertise situation. Thereforea personalised group who read texts with familiar locations was compared with a non-personalised group who read texts with unfamiliar locations. In each location were positionedone or two objects, the participants had to recall them using locations as cues. Sensitivity todelay and to memory load were tested among the two groups. As predicted, the personalisedgroup recalled more objects and showed no sensitivity to delay and to memory load, suggestingthat the personalisation method is valuable.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

P7: The Roles of Long-Term Memory on the Organization of the Knowledge for Educators

Modern neuroscientific research help to solve the impotent challenge in curriculum design and teaching for enhancing students’ ability to organize information in a way that makes it efficient in response to an appropriate context such as problem solving and critical thinking via knowing about the mechanism of different type of memories especially long term memory. At first, we should to c...

متن کامل

The spatial learning and memory performance in methamphetamine–sensitized and withdrawn rats

Objective(s): There is controversial evidence about the effect of methamphetamine (METH) on spatial memory. We tested the time- dependent effects of METH on spatial short-term (working) and long-term (reference) memory in METH –sensitized and withdrawn rats in the Morris water maze. Materials and Methods: Rats were sensitized to METH (2 mg/kg, daily/5 days, SC). Rats were trained in water maze ...

متن کامل

significance of working memory in the academic achievement

The effectiveness and significance of working memory in the academic achievement and efficacy of students is indisputable. In memory studies, the working Memory Model (Baddeley, 2000) is a multivariate one with an emphasis on short and long term memory with a computational view. This recent view has made memory a more significant in academic performance, because it has an unbreakable link with ...

متن کامل

Investigation of the effect of unusual work shifts and sleep deprivation on cognitive performance in workers in the automotive industry

Background and aims: The circadian rhythm is one the most important biological rhythms that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and repeats every 24 hours roughly. This 24-hour cycle includes physiological and behavioral rhythms like sleep cycle. Any disruptions in the body’s natural rhythms can cause many problems, such as drowsiness, sleep deprivation, reduced physical activity, and mental functio...

متن کامل

The effect of intrahippocampal microinjection of Naloxone on short –term and long-term memory in adult male rats

Introduction:The hippocampus is one for the major centers of learning and memory. Role of the opioid system has been investigated and on the other hand receptors related to this system such as mu-opioid receptors (MOR) are extended in the hippocampus. In this study the effect of Naloxone administration as a mu opioid receptor antagonist on passive avoidance memory in adult male rats was i...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2016